The Gita

Chapter 16 · Verse 1 of 24

The Yoga of the Division between Divine and Demoniac Natures

दैवासुरसम्पद्विभागयोग

Meaning

Supreme God Krishna spoke

Fearlessness, purity of character, remaining firmly anchored in spiritual Knowledge, charity, subjugation of the senses and performance of yajna (spiritual pursuits), self-study {of scriptures}, austerity and uprightness, (16:1)

Sanskrit

श्रीभगवान् उवाच

अभयं सत्त्वसंशुद्धिर्ज्ञानयोगव्यवस्थितिः ।

दानं दमश्च यज्ञश्च स्वाध्यायस्तप आर्जवम् ॥

Word-by-word

अ-भयम् सत्त्व-संशुद्धिः ज्ञान-योग-वि-अवस्थितिः,

दानम्, दमः च, यज्ञः च, स्वाध्यायः, तपः, आर्जवम् ;

Commentary

A note on the study of scriptures: In the vast array of Hindu scriptures, it can be overwhelming for an ordinary seeker to navigate them all, potentially leading to confusion. Therefore, it is often considered most beneficial to focus on an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of a single scripture—the Bhagavad-Gitā, regarded as God’s direct and true Word. Supplementary scriptures like the Rām-charit-mānas by the poet-saint Tulasidāsa and the Bhāgawata Purāna can be useful for further insights. However, it's wise to approach both holy books with discernment, disregarding any statements that don't align with the essence and purpose of the Bhagavad-Gitā. In certain editions of the Rām-charit-mānas, there may be derogatory remarks about Shudras and women, which should be disregarded as they don't resonate with the teachings of the Gitā. Additionally, some sections suggesting polytheism might not adhere to the principles of the Gitā and can be approached with caution.

A note on charity and alms giving: Please refer to verses 17:7, 20, 21, and 22 for a deeper understanding of the principles related to charity, almsgiving, and benefaction activities discussed in these verses.

A word on "yajna": The term “yajna” should not be narrowly interpreted as the sacrificial fire-ceremony involving offerings into the holy fire. For a comprehensive understanding of the concept of yajna and its different forms, please refer to verses 4:24-33, which provide insights into its various meanings and manifestations.

Regarding "Tapa" or austerity: Verses 17:14-19, 28 provide insight into the meaning of "Tapa." It should not be interpreted solely in the traditional sense of self-torture for spiritual gain.

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