The Gita

Chapter 3 · Verse 27 of 43

The Yoga of Action

कर्मयोग

Meaning

Supreme God Krishna spoke

The three Modes of Nature (Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas) are there as doers behind all actions, but the one who is besieged by ego thinks themselves to be the doer. (3:27)

Sanskrit

श्रीभगवान् उवाच

प्रकृतेः क्रियमाणानि गुणैः कर्माणि सर्वशः ।

अहंकारविमूढात्मा कर्ताहमिति मन्यते॥

Word-by-word

प्रकृतेः क्रियमाणानि गुणैः कर्माणि सर्वशः।

अहङ्कार-विमूढ-आत्मा कर्ता अहम् इति मन्यते।।

Commentary

It might appear from this verse that no Freedom of Will is available to humans, but this is not true. Each verse must be seen in conjunction with other verses relevant to the subject, e.g., 2:47; 5:14, 15; 6:5,6; 18:61,63 in this case. This verse only sets the limits on human freedom. Genetics and environment - nature and nurture - both determine, among others, our actions and decisions to a considerable extent. However, it appears to the ignorant that he is deciding and acting completely independently. Yet, within the framework of genetics and environment, Freedom of Will does exist.

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