Meaning
Arjuna spoke
O, Supreme Soul! Please enlighten me about Brahm (God in His supreme, formless aspect), Adhyātma, karma (action), Adhibhuta, and Adhidaiva {the concepts you have just mentioned}. (8:1)
Sanskrit
अर्जुन उवाच
किं तद्ब्रह्म किमध्यात्मं किं कर्म पुरुषोत्तम ।
अधिभूतं च किं प्रोक्तमधिदैवं किमुच्यते॥
Word-by-word
किम् तत् ब्रह्म? किम् अधि-आत्मम्? किम् कर्म, पुरुष-उत्तम?
अधि-भूतम् च किम् प्र-उक्तम्? अधि-दैवम् किम् उच्यते?
Commentary
In the concluding verses of the previous chapter, the Lord introduced several key concepts. Naturally, Arjuna was prompted to seek clarification on these concepts, as reflected in his questions in this and the subsequent verse.